Mea hoʻopau ahi wai
1. Hoʻolauna huahana
He mea kinai ahi wai ka mea hoʻopau ahi mea kanu maikaʻi, pili i ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe ʻawahia, a hiki ke palaho maoli. He mea kinai ahi pili i ke kaiapuni i haku ʻia me nā mea hoʻohua, nā mea surfactant, nā mea hoʻomaha lapalapa, nā mea hoʻopaʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā penetrants a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i ka wai e hoʻololi i nā waiwai kemika o ka wai, ka wela latent o ka vaporization, ka viscosity, ka mana pulu a me ka hoʻopili ʻana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena kinai ahi o ka wai, lawe ʻia a lawe ʻia ka mea maka nui mai nā mea kanu, a i ka wā e kinai ai, hui pū ʻia ka wai e like me ka lakio hui ʻana o ka mea hana-wai e hana i kahi mea kinai ahi wai.
ʻElua, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana
1. ʻO nā kikoʻī o ka ʻōpala huahana he 25kg, 200kg, 1000kg mau pahu plastik.
2. ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia ʻia ka huahana e ka hau ʻana a me ka heheʻe ʻana.
3. Pono e mālama ʻia ka huahana ma kahi ea a me kahi anuanu, a ʻo ka mahana mālama e emi iho ma mua o 45 ℃, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kona mahana hoʻohana haʻahaʻa loa.
4. Kapu loa ke kau ʻana i lalo i lalo, a pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana iā ia i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai.
5. Mai hoʻohui pū me nā ʻano mea kinai ahi ʻē aʻe.
6. He wai i hoʻohuihui ʻia kēia huahana i kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka wai maʻemaʻe ma ka lakio hui ʻana o ka wai i kuhikuhi ʻia.
7. Ke pā ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maka, e holoi mua me ka wai. Inā ʻoe e maʻi, e ʻoluʻolu e nīnau i ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono.
3. Ka laulā o ka noi:
He kūpono ia no ke kinai ʻana i nā ahi Papa A a i ʻole nā ahi Papa A a me B. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā ahi ma nā ʻoihana ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana mining, nā kaʻa ahi, nā kahua mokulele, nā kikowaena kinoea, nā kaʻa tanker, nā kahua ʻaila, nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila, a me nā waihona ʻaila.
Mea kinai ahi wai (ʻano gel polymer)
1. ʻIke huahana
ʻO ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻohui kinai ahi gel polymer he pauka keʻokeʻo, a hoʻopuka nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ka mana nui a me ka ikehu e kinai i ke ahi i loko o ka wai. ʻAʻole wale ia he liʻiliʻi i ka nui, akā maʻalahi hoʻi e hana. ʻO ka mahana ma lalo o 500℃ a he kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i nā lako kinai ahi. No laila, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka gel ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻomākaukau a mālama ʻia i loko o kahi pahu wai no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma hope.
ʻO ka mea kinai ahi gel Polymer kahi huahana hoʻohui kinai ahi me ka nui o ka omo ʻana o ka wai, ka manawa laka wai lōʻihi, ke kūpaʻa ahi kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻopili ikaika, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe ʻawaʻawa, maʻalahi ka hoʻohana ʻana, a me ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana. ʻAʻole hiki i ka huahana ke laka wale i ka nui o ka wai, akā e hoʻomaʻalili koke i ka mea e ʻā ana. Hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi papa uhi hydrogel ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ea, me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kinoea ʻawaʻawa a me nā mea ʻino. Loaʻa i ka papa uhi gel ka nui o ka omo wikiwiki o nā mea e ʻā ana. Hoʻemi kēia i ka mahana o ka ʻili o ka mea e ʻā ana a hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka kaohi ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ke ahi a me ka kinai wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi o ke ahi.
He kūpono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka gel e kinai i ke ahi, he mea aloha i ke kaiapuni, a he mea mālama wai. Ma ke ʻano o ka hiki ke kinai i ke ahi, ua like kahi kaʻa ahi i lako me ka mea kinai gel me 20 mau kaʻa ahi i lako me ka wai. Ua like nā loina a me nā ʻano hana o ke kinai ʻana i ke ahi me nā mea me ka wai. Ke kinai ka gel i nā ahi kūlanakauhale Papa A, ʻoi aku kona hopena pale ahi ma mua o 6 mau manawa o ka wai; i ka wā e kinai ai i nā ahi ululāʻau a me nā mauʻu, ʻoi aku kona hopena pale ahi ma mua o 10 mau manawa o ka wai.
2. Ka laulā o ka noi
ʻO ka mea hoʻohui kinai ahi gel polymer me ka 0.2% a i 0.4% polymer fire extinguishing additive hiki ke hana i kahi mea kinai ahi gel i loko o 3 mau minuke. E pīpī like i ka mea kinai ahi gel ma luna o nā mea ʻā paʻa, a laila hiki ke hana koke ʻia kahi ʻili gel mānoanoa ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka ea, hoʻomaʻalili i ka ʻili o ka mea, hoʻopau i ka nui o ka wela, a pāʻani i kahi hana maikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ke ahi a me ke kinai ʻana i ke ahi. Hiki i ka hopena ke kinai pono i nā ahi Class A (nā mea ʻā paʻa) i nā ululāʻau, nā lau nahele a me nā kūlanakauhale. ʻO ke kalapona dioxide a me ka mahu wai i hana ʻia e ka puhi ʻana o ka resin omo wai he mea ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻā a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia.
ʻEkolu, nā ʻano huahana
Mālama wai-Hiki i ka nui o ka omo ʻana o ka wai o ka mea hoʻohui kinai ahi gel polymer ke piʻi i 400-750 mau manawa, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi pono i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai. Ma ke kahua ahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai liʻiliʻi e kāohi i ka laha ʻana o ke ahi a kinai koke i ke ahi.
Kūpono-ʻOi aku ka pipili o ka mea kinai ahi Hydrogel ma mua o 5 mau manawa o ka wai i ka wā e kinai ana i nā ahi Papa A a me nā ahi ululāʻau a me nā mauʻu; ʻoi aku ka hopena pale ahi ma mua o 6 mau manawa o ka wai. I ka wā e kinai ana i nā ahi ululāʻau a me nā mauʻu, ʻoi aku ka hopena pale ahi ma mua o 10 mau manawa o ka wai. Ma muli o ke ʻano like ʻole o ka mea paʻa, ʻokoʻa hoʻi kona pipili ʻana.
Palekana i ke kaiapuni-Ma hope o ke ahi, ʻaʻohe haumia o ke kaiapuni i koe o ka mea kinai ahi hydrogel ma kahi a he hopena mālama wai ma ka lepo. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maoli ʻia i loko o ka wai a me ke kinoea kalapona ʻokikene i loko o kekahi manawa; ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohaumia i nā kumu wai a me ke kaiapuni.
ʻO ka hā, nā ʻōkuhi loea nui
1 Pae kinai ahi 1A
2Kūlana hau 0℃
3 ʻO ka ʻilikai 57.9
4 Anti-hau a me ka heheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻohe delamination ʻike ʻia a me ka heterogeneity
5 Ka helu o ka palaho mg/(d·dm²) Q235 pepa kila 1.2
Pepa alumini LF21 1.3
6 ʻO ka nui o ka make ʻana o nā iʻa ʻawahia he 0
ʻO ka lakio o ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o 7 mau mea hana i 1 tona o ka wai, e hoʻohui ana i 2 a 3 kilokani o nā mea hoʻohui kinai ahi gel polymer (hoʻonui ʻia a hoʻemi ʻia paha e like me ke ʻano o ka wai like ʻole)
ʻElima, noi huahana
Mea hoʻopau ahi huʻa wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia
Ka moʻolelo huahana:
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hana pinepine ʻia nā ulia e like me ke ahi a me nā pahū ʻana i loko o nā hale hana kemika; ʻoiai, ʻo kekahi mau mea hana huahana kemika solvent polar he nui nā wai lapalapa a me nā wai kuni, nā kinoea kuni liquefied, a me nā mea paʻa kuni, nā hale hana paʻakikī, nā pūnaewele paipu criss-crossing, a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā ipu a me nā lako i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe-kaomi, a nui ka pōʻino ahi. Ke hoʻoulu ke ahi a pahū paha i ka puhi ʻana, e hana ia i ka puhi paʻa. Ma hope o ka pahū ʻana, ʻo ka ʻaila e kahe ana mai ka pahu a i ʻole ka māwae a me ka ʻaila e kahe ana ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ke kino o ka pahu hiki ke hoʻoulu maʻalahi i ke ahi kahe honua.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia ka huʻa Papa A a i ʻole Papa B e kinai i ke ahi ma kahi o ke ahi. Eia nō naʻe, ke ahi me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar e like me ka waiʻona, ka pena, ka waiʻona, ka ester, ka ether, ka aldehyde, ketone, a me ka amine, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai. ʻO ke koho pololei a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kinai ahi ke kumu no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke ahi. No ka mea hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar me ka wai, ua luku ʻia ka huʻa maʻamau i kēia kaʻina hana a nalowale kona hopena kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui e like me nā polymers polysaccharide molekala kiʻekiʻe i ka huʻa pale waiʻona hiki ke pale aku i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe waiʻona a hoʻomau i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kona hopena i nā waiʻona. No laila, pono e hoʻohana ka waiʻona, ka pena, ka waiʻona, ka ester, ka ether, ka aldehyde, ketone, ka amine a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar ʻē aʻe a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai i ka huʻa pale waiʻona i ka wā e ahi ai.
1. ʻIke huahana
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka mea kinai ahi huʻa wai e hana ana i ka ʻili ʻoniʻoni i nā ʻoihana kemika nui, nā ʻoihana petrochemical, nā ʻoihana fiber kemika, nā mea kanu solvent, nā hale kūʻai huahana kemika a me nā kahua aila, nā waihona aila, nā moku, nā hangars, nā hale kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe a me nā wahi e maʻalahi ai ka wahie ke liki. Hoʻohana ʻia no ke kinai ʻana i ke ahi o ka aila ma ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe, a kūpono no ke kinai ʻana i ke ahi "submerged jet". Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano o ka mea kinai ahi huʻa wai e hana ana i ka ʻili no ke kinai ʻana i ka aila a me nā huahana petroleum a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale ʻana i ke ahi maikaʻi loa o nā wai lapalapa e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e like me nā alcohols, esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, amines, alcohols, etc. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaʻū a komo i loko e kinai i nā ahi Papa A, me ka hopena kinai ahi honua.
2. Ka laulā o ka noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea kinai ahi huʻa wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ke kaua ʻana i nā ʻano ahi B like ʻole. Loaʻa i ka hana kinai ahi nā ʻano o ke kinai ʻana i ka aila a me nā huahana petroleum o nā mea kinai ahi huʻa wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a me nā mea kinai huʻa wai hoʻi. ʻO nā ʻano ahi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai e like me nā pena, nā ʻalekohol, nā esters, nā ethers, nā aldehydes, nā ketones, nā amines, a pēlā aku. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻalahi i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā ahi wahie B i ʻike ʻole ʻia a i hui pū ʻia me nā aila a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar, no laila he mau waiwai kinai ahi honua.
ʻEkolu, nā ʻano huahana
★Kaohi wikiwiki ʻana i ke ahi a me ke kinai ʻana, ka wehe wikiwiki ʻana i ka uahi a me ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana, ka hana kinai ahi paʻa
★Kūpono no ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka wai kai, ʻaʻole pili ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai kai e hoʻonohonoho i ka hopena huʻa i ka hana kinai ahi;
★ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka mahana; ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa;
★Pae hana kinai ahi/pae kū'ē i ke kuni ʻana: IA, ARIA;
★Ua unuhi ʻia nā mea maka mai nā mea kanu maʻemaʻe, pili i ke kaiapuni, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia a ʻaʻole hoʻi e ʻānai.
ʻElima, noi huahana
He kūpono ia no ke kinai ʻana i nā ahi Papa A a me B, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila, nā waihona aila, nā moku, nā kahua hana aila, nā uapo mālama a me nā uapo halihali, nā hale hana kemika nui, nā hale hana fiber kemika, nā ʻoihana petrochemical, nā hale kūʻai huahana kemika, nā hale hana solvent, a pēlā aku.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-27-2021